Q fever as a hazard in the workplace

admin • November 17, 2025

Q fever is a serious but preventable disease that affects people working with animals or animal products. Protecting yourself and your workplace requires awareness, vaccination, and safe practices.


What is Q Fever?

Q fever is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. It primarily affects people who work with animals such as cattle, sheep, and goats, or handle animal products like hides, wool, and meat. The bacteria can survive in dust and soil for long periods, making it easy to spread in agricultural and processing environments.


Who is at Risk?

Certain industries and roles face higher exposure:

  • Farmers, shearers, and abattoir workers
  • Veterinarians and animal handlers
  • Meat and dairy processors
  • Laboratory staff working with animal samples
  • Workers at stockyards, animal transport, in shearing sheds etc
  • Any workers in animal facilities

Even visitors to farms or facilities can be at risk if proper precautions aren’t taken.



How do you get Q Fever?

Q fever can he transmitted through aerosols, dust or through contaminated animal products.

For example:

  • Through animal tissues, such as when birthing, slaughtering or butchering
  • Through faeces, urine and placentas
  • From contaminated wool, hides, animal bedding, or equipment
  • When breathing in dust infected by animals, including when mustering, transporting or shearing
  • When slashing contaminated grasses or handling contaminated soil or hay
  • By drinking unpasteurised milk which is infected
  • By touching infected tissues or fluids when you have a cut or broken skin


What are the signs of Q Fever?

Q fever causes an illness which can last for up to 6 weeks, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Common symptoms include:

  • High fever and chills
  • Severe headaches
  • Muscle pain and fatigue
  • Sweats and weight loss
  • Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea
  • In some cases, pneumonia or hepatitis

However, some people don’t recover, and they can develop a chronic illness which can last for months or years. Chronic Q fever is rare, but when it does happen, it can lead to long-term complications such as heart valve infections and infections of the bones and joints, as well as vascular disease. Up to 15% of infected people will experience sever fatigue which can last for years and is extremely debilitating.


Preventing Q Fever

Prevention is the best protection. Key strategies include:

  • Vaccination: The Q fever vaccine is highly effective but requires pre-screening to avoid adverse reactions. Pre-screening will identify those who have been previously exposed or have been previously vaccinated for Q fever.
  • Safe Work Practices:

Minimise dust in animal handling areas.

Use protective clothing and masks (PPE).

Practice good hygiene, including handwashing after contact with animals.

  • Education and Awareness: Employers should train workers on risks and prevention measures.
  • Health Monitoring: Encourage workers to report symptoms early for timely medical intervention.

 

Employer Responsibilities

Employers have a duty to provide a safe workplace. If there may be a risk of exposure to Q Fever in their workplace, this includes:

  • Offering vaccination programs
  • Implementing dust control measures
  • Providing personal protective equipment (PPE)
  • Ensuring staff are informed about Q fever risks and prevention
  • Identification of high-risk areas of the workplace
  • Having a workplace Q fever policy

As with all workplace hazards, the employer has a duty to provide a safe workplace and to control risks to health as far as reasonably practicable. They also have a duty to consult with their employees and their health and safety representatives (HSRs). This includes during the hazard identification process, which making decisions on how to control risks, and when monitoring how the control measures are working.


Building a Safer Future

Q fever is preventable, but only if workplaces and individuals take proactive steps. Vaccination, hygiene, and awareness are the cornerstones of prevention. For those working with animals or animal products, staying informed and protected is not just about personal health—it’s about safeguarding the entire community.


Q fever is a workplace hazard that demands attention. With vaccination and safe practices, we can protect workers, families, and communities from this hidden threat.


More information on Q fever can be found at Q fever | Better Health Channel or at Preventing Q fever | WorkSafe Victoria

Why Veterinary Teams Need Psychological Safety Training

By admin • June 9, 2026
The veterinary profession can be one of the most rewarding careers, but it’s also one of the most emotionally and mentally demanding. Behind the compassion, skill, and dedication lies a reality many outside the industry don’t see: long hours, emotionally charged cases, financial pressures, and the emotional toll of euthanasia and client grief. With Victoria’s new psychological health regulations now in effect (as of December 2025), workplaces must manage psychological risks with the same seriousness as physical hazards. For veterinary practices, this is not just a compliance requirement, it’s a lifeline for the wellbeing of their teams. The Hidden Pressures in Veterinary Work Veterinary professionals may face a multitude of psychosocial hazards, including: Exposure to traumatic events Aggression and violence High job demands and time pressure Low job control Remote or isolated work Poor workplace relationships and minimal support Moral and ethical dilemmas are also a feature of the work as well as the exposure to grief and loss. Thinking of Veterinarians as first responders can help to understand the types of psychosocial hazards which they face. These factors can lead to burnout, compassion fatigue, anxiety, depression, and tragically, higher-than-average suicide rates in the profession. Suicide rates are up to four times higher than the general population, making the industry’s psychological hazards the most common fatal risk in the veterinary workplace. Why BeSafe Victoria’s Training Matters BeSafe Victoria’s psychosocial safety training is a new course designed to help participant’s: Understand the Psychological Health Compliance Code Identify psychosocial hazards Follow a risk management process for psychosocial hazards Implement practical controls Ensure consultation is compliant and effective At BeSafe Victoria, we deliver training designed by WorkSafe for Health and Safety Representatives. However, it is also an excellent course for leaders and teams to ensure the psychological safety of their workplace. In turn, this helps us all to work towards improved psychological outcomes for Veterinarians and the industry more broadly. The Benefits for Veterinary Practices Investing in psychological safety training can: Ensure compliance with the OHS legislation Improve staff retention and team morale Improve the psychological health of veterinary teams Enhance team consultation, collaboration and trust Reduce rates of psychological harm Contact us to find out more about our courses and how we can help you. This may include providing advice on designated work groups, electing HSRs, or delivering training. Please reach out on 0467 002 060 or info@besafevictoria.com.au

NEW Changes to PINs

By admin • June 1, 2026
Maintaining a safe workplace is a legal and moral obligation. One of the most powerful tools available to workers, specifically Health and Safety Representatives (HSRs), is the Provisional Improvement Notice (PIN) . Used correctly, PINs can quickly resolve safety issues and ensure compliance with the Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004 (Vic) . There have been recent changes made to the PIN notice and we recommend that HSRs now use the new version. Summary of NEW Changes: Part 5 has been modified to include tick boxes for each of OHS Act, OHS regulations or the Psychological Health Regulations to be selected by the HSR Part 6 has been modified to include whether the safety issue is a contravention relating to a physical or psychological hazard What is a PIN? A Provisional Improvement Notice (PIN) is a formal written notice issued by an HSR to address a workplace health and safety issue. It is used when consultation with the employer has failed to resolve a problem. *In Victoria, an HSR can issue a PIN whether or not they have completed an HSR training course. This is different to other jurisdictions. Under Victorian law, an HSR can issue a PIN if they believe, on reasonable grounds, that: A provision of the OHS Act or regulations is being breached, or A breach has occurred and is likely to continue or happen again The purpose of a PIN is simple: To require action to fix a safety problem and prevent harm to workers. It is a legal document which the employer must respond to. Who Can Issue a PIN? Health and Safety Representative (HSR)’s can issue a PIN. *Don’t forget that Victorian HSRs can issue a PIN even if they haven’t yet had the opportunity to get into a 5 Day Initial OHS Training Course. (Although obviously HSRs are best to complete their training as soon as possible so that they can fully understand the OHS Act and their role.) An HSR must: Represent a designated work group (DWG) Have reasonable grounds to believe a breach exists Consult with the employer first before issuing the notice When Should a PIN Be Used? A PIN should be used as a last resort, after attempts to resolve the issue through consultation have failed. An HSR can choose to issue a PIN notice if the duty holder is contravening any provision of the OHS Act or any of the Regulations, or if the duty holder is believed to have been in contravention and it is likely that the contravention will continue or be repeated. But, they must have first consulted with the duty holder. Remember that for immediate or serious risks , a PIN may not be appropriate. In those cases, an HSR can direct work to cease under the Act. How to Issue a PIN 1. Identify the Issue Clearly identify the hazard or breach of the OHS Act or Regulations. 2. Consult with the Employer Before issuing a PIN, the HSR must consult with the employer or the person responsible and give them a chance to fix the problem. Where such consultations are ineffective, the employer refuses to consult and / or the HSR believes that the safety issue will continue, then the HSR may issue a PIN. 3. Complete the PIN It is not compulsory to use the WorkSafe Victoria PIN form, but it does make life easier. You can find it here: Provisional-improvement-notice-form-2026-05.pdf A valid PIN must include: Section 1 – fill out the details of the elected HSR under the OHS act (or the elected deputy HSR if the HSR is unavailable) Section 2 – fill out the details of the duty holder. Most commonly, this will be your employer. Section 3 – tick that you have consulted with your employer or their representative prior to issuing the PIN. It is a good idea to keep a written record of the consultation or attempted consultation. Section 4 – fill out the details of the person (employer representative) to whom you are giving the PIN. Section 5 – fill out which sections of The Act or The Regulations are believed to have been contravened. You can only include one health and safety issue on a PIN notice. If there are more than one, you will need to issue a separate PIN notice for each issue. Tick the box to make clear if the contravention relates to the OHS Act, the OHS Regulations or the Psychological Regulations. Section 6 – provide detail of the contravention. Include the site location ie: the actual area of the workplace where you believe the contravention to be occurring. State whether the PIN relates to a physical or psychological hazard. Section 7 – optional – you may fill out suggestions as to how the safety issue can be fixed if you wish, but this is not required. Section 8 – sign and date the form. Provide a compliance date that is AT LEAST 8 days after the PIN issue date. Make sure the timeframe is reasonable. 4. Issue the Notice The PIN must be delivered to the person you state in Section 4. It can be delivered in person, by post or other formal delivery methods. Don't forget to keep a copy of the PIN for your own records. What Happens After a PIN Is Issued? Once a PIN is issued, the recipient has legal obligations. They must: Bring the notice to the attention of their employer (if the person is an employee). Bring the notice to the attention of persons whose work is affected by the notice, including informing affected workers. Display the PIN in a prominent place in the workplace. Fix the issue by the specified compliance date. Failure to comply is an offence under the OHS Act , and penalties may apply. Can the duty holder dispute the PIN? If the employer (or recipient) disagrees with the PIN, they can contact WorkSafe Victoria and request an inspector review within 7 days of receiving the PIN. If no review is requested within 7 days, the PIN remains legally enforceable. What does an HSR do if the employer does not comply? If the employer has not complied with the PIN within the specified timeframe or if the employer’s intention is not to comply, then the HSR can call WorkSafe Advisory Service and arrange for an inspector to visit the workplace. The inspector can then: Confirm the PIN Modify it Cancel it Support and Advice If you need support and advice on how to issue a PIN, you can contact: WorkSafe Advisory 1800136089 WorkSafe HSR Support Officers HSRSO@worksafe.vic.gov.au Your Union BeSafe Victoria info@besafevictoria.com.au PINs are an important mechanism for preventing injuries and saving lives . They are a powerful and practical tool in Victoria’s workplace safety system. For HSRs, understanding when and how to use a PIN is essential. For employers, knowing how to respond to PINs promptly and effectively is vital. If you need training to understand more, contact us: info@besafevictoria.com.au 0467002060